• Rest and Immobilization: Limiting movement and providing support to the affected area can aid in healing and reduce inflammation.
• Physical Therapy: A comprehensive physical therapy program can help restore range of motion, strength, and function through exercises, modalities, and manual therapy.
• Medications: Anti-inflammatory medications, pain relievers, and corticosteroid injections can help manage pain and inflammation.
• Bracing and Splinting: Custom-fitted braces and splints can provide support, correct deformities, and improve alignment.
• Injections: Corticosteroid and PRP (Plasma) injections can reduce inflammation and pain, particularly in conditions like tendinitis and arthritis.

• Corticosteroid injections
• Platelet-Rich-Plasma (PRP) injection
• Hyaluronic acid injections

Corticosteroid or steroid injections, are a type of medication that can be injected directly into a specific area of the body to reduce inflammation and pain. Corticosteroids are man-made hormones that mimic the effects of cortisol, a hormone produced naturally by the adrenal glands. They work by suppressing the immune system’s response to inflammation, thereby reducing swelling, pain, and stiffness.

Steroid injections are commonly used to treat a variety of conditions, including:

• Arthritis
• Tendinitis (shoulder, elbow, knee ankle)
• Bursitis: Inflammation of a bursa, a fluid-filled sac that cushions joints.
• Back pain

Hyaluronic acid injections are a type of treatment that can be used to relieve knee pain caused by osteoarthritis.

Hyaluronic acid is a substance that naturally occurs in the body, particularly in the joints, where it acts as a lubricant and shock absorber. As we age, the body produces less hyaluronic acid, which can lead to joint pain and stiffness.  

Hyaluronic acid injections work by replenishing the hyaluronic acid in the joint, thereby reducing friction and improving joint function. The injections are typically given directly into the knee joint.

PRP therapy involves drawing a small amount of the patient’s blood and processing it in a centrifuge to separate the platelet-rich plasma from the other blood components. The concentrated PRP is then injected into the injured area or site of pain, where it releases growth factors that promote healing and tissue repair

PRP therapy is used to treat a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, including:

• Tendinitis
• Ligament injuries
• Muscle injuries
• Osteoarthritis
• Hair loss

• Rapid pain relief: The effects of the injection can be felt within a few hours.
• Reduced inflammation: This can improve joint function and mobility.
• Prolonged pain relief: The effects of a single injection can last for several weeks or even months.
• Lower cost than surgery and minimal adverse effects

• Mild risk of infection (steroid), generally steroid injections are avoided if elective surgery is planned in the next 6-12 weeks.
• Allergic reactions
• Temporary increase in blood sugar levels, especially in people with diabetes (Steroids)